شما ممکن است در مقطعی از حرفه تان تصمیم بگیرید که برای شغلی درخواست بدهید و متوجه شوید که مهارت ها و تجربیات لازم برای این شغل را دارا هستید اما مدرک مورد نیاز برای این موقعیت شغلی را ندارید. یا ممکن است مدرک یا آموزش کاربردی لازم را داشته باشید اما تجربه مرتبط (یا کافی) نداشته باشید. مممکن است از خود بپرسید: کارفرمایان هنگام ارزیابی یک کارجو بیشتر به تجربیات یا مدرک تحصیلی اهمیت می دهند؟ هم چنین اگر یکی از این موارد را نداشته باشیم باید چه کاری انجام دهیم؟ در ادامه چندین عامل آورده شده است که باید مد نظر قرار دهید و هم چنین مراحلی که می توانید طی کنید تا اطمینان حاصل کنید که به عنوان یک کاندید شغلی واجد شرایط و مطلوب برجسته می شوید.
اولویت های کارفرمایان صنف محور است
یک راه برای دانستن آنکه یک کارفرما بیشتر به مدرک تحصیلی اهمیت می دهد یا تجربه بررسی صنفی است که در آن کار می کنید. اگر در زمینه فروش یا حوزه ای مانند ساخت و ساز و خرده فروشی فعالیت می کنید، داشتن تجربه برخورد با مشتری یا تجربه های دست اول ضروری خواهد بود. اگر در صنف فناوری، سلامت و پزشکی، مالی یا دیگر حوزه های حرفه ای کار می کنید، داشتن مدرک و ادامه تحصیل و گواهینامه های حوزه محور یکی از الزمات جدی برای این حوزه ها خواهد بود. در بسیاری از صنف ها، مدرک دانشگاهی می تواند فرصت های شما را برای بدست آوردن شغل افزایش دهد، اما اغلب اوقات به چیزی بیش از تحصیل برای تحت تاثیر قرار دادن کارفرماها نیاز دارید.
هم چنین اولویت ها در میان شرکت ها و مدیران متغییر است
هر شرکتی تاریخچه، فرهنگ سازمانی، وضعیت مالی و نمایه خود را برای کارمند ایده آل دارد – همه اینها بر روی چه حوزه هایی در هنگام استخدام تمرکز می کنند تأثیر می گذارد. هر یک از مدیران استخدام اولویت ها و داوری های خودشان را دارند و هم چنین بعضی از مدیران استخدام ممکن است بخواهند ببنیند که کارجو مدرک دانشگاه های خصوصی آمریکا یا معادل آن را دارد یا خیر، در حالی که بعضی دیگر تنها تاییدی می خواهند که شما می توانید از پس این شغل بربیایید. شما باید به طور مداوم جستجوی شغل خود را در حین حرکت در این مسیر ارزیابی کنید، به دقت هر موقعیت شغلی، شرکت و مدیر استخدام آن را بررسی کنید و ببینید که آیا شما اولویت ها و شایستگی هایی که آن ها می خواهند را دارا هستید یا خیر.
فارغ التحصیل بودن کافی نیست
اگر فکر می کنید که داشتن یک مدرک دانشگاهی از یک دانشگاه معتبر همه آن چیزی است که برای بدست اوردن شغلی در سطح ابتدایی لازم دارید دوباره فکر کنید. مهم نیست که از چه دانشگاهی مدرک گرفته اید، فارغ التحصیلان دانشگاهی که تجربه کاری دارند از آن هایی که تجربه ندارند کاندید های ایده ال تری هستند و تعداد زیادی کارجو به این شکل وجود دارد. در حقیقت، گزارشات اخیر نشان می دهد که فارغ التحصیلان دانشگاهی بدون تجربه کاری فرصتی کمتری برای پیدا کردن شغل دارند و کارفرمایان امروزی تجربه کاری را به اندازه مدرک دانشگاهی مهم می دانند. به همین علت است که امروزه بسیاری از دانشجویان به دنبال دوره های کارآموزی، کارورزی یا اشتغال مرتبط با رشته تحصیلی آنها در تعطیلات دانشگاه و حتی در حین حضور در دانشگاه هستند.
کیفیت تحصیلات یا تجربه شما مهم است
زمانی که مدرک کارجو مد نظر قرار می گیرد، کارفرمایان دوست دارند ببینند که شما در یک دانشگاه معتبر تحصیل کرده اید. این بدان معنا نیست که باید مدرکی از دانشگاه های معتبر خصوصی آمریکا داشته باشید بلکه به معنای تحصیل در دانشگاهی است که در میان دانشگاه ها دیگر در رشته تحصیلی شما و موفقیت فارغ التحصیلان آن رتبه بالایی دارد. تا جایی که با تجربه باشید می دانید که کارفرمایان به سادگی به این علت که شما چندین سال است که هفته ای 40 ساعت کار می کنید تحت تاثیر قرار نخواهند گرفت. آنها می خواهند بدانند که دستاور شما چه بوده است و در جهت نوآوری، ارتقاء یا بازده شرکت چه کمک هایی کرده اید.
کارفرمایان می خواهند کارجویان استعداد های متنوعی داشته باشند
در حال حاضر، اقتصاد قوی است و نرخ بیکاری پایین است، که باعث می شود رقابت برای مشاغل چندان سخت نباشد. با این وجود، کاندید های شغلی هنوز باید به فکر آوردن چیزهای زیادی به سر میز مصاحبه باشند – تجربه و تحصیلات، اما همچنین مهارت‌های “تعاملی” (نگرش مثبت، اخلاق کاری قوی، مهارت‌های مدیریت زمان خوب، و غیره) که اغلب در مدرسه آموخته می‌شوند اما از طریق تجربه کاری تقویت می شوند. بعضی از مجموعه مهارت ها مانند مدیریت افراد و تعاملات شفاهی می توانند تنها از طریق کار در یک محیط کاری بدست بیایند.
تشخیص مهارت های آینده که صنف شما نیاز خواهد داشت
برای پیشرفت در شغل و حوزه ای که انتخاب کرده اید، شما باید تحقیق کنید و در جریان تغییرات و روندهای صنعت خود باشید و مهارت هایی را که در آینده مورد نیاز خواهند بود شناسایی کنید. بعضی از این مهارت ها نیازمند آموزش یا گرفتن مدرک است، بعضی دیگر نیازمند تجربه (یا هردوی آن ها) هستند. برای مثال، هنگامی که رسانه های اجتماعی 15 سال پیش محبوبیت خود را افزایش دادند، هر کسی در بازاریابی، به ویژه روابط عمومی، نیاز داشت نه تنها نحوه استفاده از پلتفرم ها، بلکه چگونگی به حداکثر رساندن آنها را برای ایجاد آگاهی و ایجاد تعامل با مشتری بداند. با ماندن در صدر توسعه دهندگان صنعت خود، خود را به عنوان فردی که یک قدم جلوتر است قرار می‌دهید.
پرداختن به آنچه که گم شده است
اگر مدرک یا سابقه کاری نداشتید چه کاری باید انجام دهید؟ اگر فارغ التحصیل دانشگاهی هستید که تجربه کاری در محیط کاری ندارد، کارورزی و دوره های کارآموزی می تواند فرصت مناسبی برای بدست آوردن سابقه کاری باشد و نشان دهد که شما برای شغل خود تمام تلاش تان را به کار گرفته اید. اگر در رزومه خود مدارک آموزشی ندارید اما سابقه کار دارید، ممکن است بخواهید در هر صورت برای شغلی درخواست بفرستید. ممکن است مدرک به اندازه تجربه مورد نیاز برای مدیر استخدام مهم نباشد و در صورت نیاز باید کلاس های آموزشی را به صورت نیمه وقت یا آنلاین بگذرانید تا مدارک مورد نیاز را بگیرید. با انجام این کار، کارفرمایان متوجه می شوند که شما در شغل خود سرمایه گذاری می کنید.
نتیجه گیری
با بازگشت به بحث تجربه در مقابل آموزش، برنده مشخصی وجود ندارد. اگر به دنبال شغلی هستید، ممکن است بخواهید راه هایی برای تقویت حوزه هایی که از دست داده اید پیدا کنید. در نهایت، موفقیت شما در جستجوی شغل به عوامل زیادی بستگی دارد. تا زمانی که اعتماد به نفس و انگیزه داشته باشید و توانایی های خود را بشناسید، شرکتی را خواهید یافت که برای شما و آنچه به سر میز مصاحبه می آورید ارزش قائل است – و این فرصتی است که مناسب خواهد بود!
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